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AGM-86
AGM-86A on display at the National Air and Space Museum
Type
Air-to-ground strategic cruise missile
Placeoforigin
United States
Service history
Inservice
AGM-86B: 1,142 December 1982;AGM-86C: 239, (Block 0- 41; Block I- 198) January 1991
Production history
Manufacturer
Boeing Integrated Defense Systems
Unitcost
AGM-86B: $1 million;AGM-86C: additional $160,000 conversion cost
Specifications
Weight
3,200 lb (1,429 kg)
Length
20 ft. 10 in. (6.35 m)
Diameter
2 ft. 0 in. (0.62 m)
Warhead
AGM-86B: Nuclear capable;AGM-86C; Block 0, 2,000 lb. (900 kg) class, Block I, 3,000 lb. (1,400 kg) class
Engine
Williams InternationalF107-WR-101 Turbofan Engine,600 lbf (2.7 kN) thrust
Wingspan
12 ft 0 in. (3.65 m)
Operationalrange
AGM-86B: 1500+ miles (2,400+ km);AGM-86C: classified (nominal 680 miles, 1,100 km)
Speed
AGM-86B: 550 mph (890 km/h, Mach 0.73);AGM 86C: classified (nominal high subsonic)
Guidancesystem
AGM-86B: Litton inertial navigation element with terrain contour-matching updates;AGM 86C: Litton INS element integrated with multi-channel onboard GPS
Launchplatform
B-52G Stratofortress andB-52H Stratofortress bombers
The Boeing AGM-86 ALCM (AGM-86A, AGM-86B and AGM-86C) is an American subsonic air-launched cruise missile (ALCM) built by Boeing Company and operated by the United States Air Force. The missiles were developed to increase the effectiveness and survivability of Boeing B-52H Stratofortress bombers. In combination, they dilute an enemy's forces and complicate defense of its territory.[1]
Examples of the Boeing AGM-86A and AGM-86B are on display at the Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center of the National Air and Space Museum near Washington D.C.[2]
Contents
1 Design
2 Development
2.1 AGM-86A/B
2.2 AGM-86C/D
2.3 Testing Facilities
3 Operations
4 Future of the ALCM
5 References
6 External links
7 See also
//
Design
The small, winged AGM-86B/C missile is powered by a Williams F107 turbofan jet engine that propels it at sustained subsonic speeds and can be launched from both high and low altitudes. After launch, the missile's folded wings, tail surfaces and engine inlet deploy. The nuclear AGM-86B is then able to fly complicated routes to a target through use of a terrain contour-matching guidance system (TERCOM). The conventionally armed AGM-86C uses an onboard Global Positioning System (GPS) coupled with its inertial navigation system (INS) to fly. This allows the missile to guide itself to the target with pinpoint accuracy. Litton Guidance and Control, and Interstate Electronics Corp. were the guidance contractors for the C-model.
AGM-86B/C missiles increase flexibility in target selection. AGM-86B missiles can be air-launched in large numbers by the bomber force. B-52H bombers carry six AGM-86B or AGM-86C missiles on each of two externally mounted pylons and eight internally on a rotary launcher, giving the B-52H a maximum capacity of 20 missiles per aircraft.
The AGM-86C CALCM differs from the AGM-86B air launched cruise missile in that it carries a conventional blast/fragmentation payload rather than a nuclear payload.
An enemy force would have to counterattack each of the missiles, making defense against them costly and complicated. The enemy's defenses are further hampered by the missiles' small size and low-altitude flight capability, which makes them difficult to detect on radar.[1]
Development
AGM-86A/B
AGM-86B ALCM
In February 1974, the U.S. Air Force entered into contract to develop and flight-test the prototype or proof-of-concept vehicle AGM-86A air-launched cruise missile, which was slightly smaller than the later B and C models. The 86A model did not go into production. Instead, in January 1977, the Air Force began full-scale development of the AGM-86B, which greatly enhanced the B-52's capabilities and helped the USA maintain a strategic deterrent.
Production of the initial 225 AGM-86B missiles began in fiscal year 1980 and production of a total 1,715 missiles was completed in October 1986. The air-launched cruise missile had become operational four years earlier, in December 1982. More than 100 launches have taken place since then, with a 90% approximate success rate. The missile's flight path is pre-programmed and it becomes totally autonomous after launch.
In June 1986 a limited number of AGM-86B missiles were converted to carry a high-explosive blast/fragmentation warhead and an internal GPS. They were redesignated as the AGM-86C CALCM. This modification also replaced the B model's terrain contour-matching guidance system (TERCOM) and integrated a GPS capability with the existing inertial navigation computer...(and so on)
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