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"Skinny dip" redirects here. For other uses, see Skinny dip (disambiguation).
Boys skinny dipping in a sacred tank of water in Tiruvanamalai, India.
Skinny dipping, also spelled skinny-dipping, is swimming naked, i.e. without any swimsuit. Skin(ny) diving is both used as a synonym and for free diving.
Contents
1 Etymology
2 Definitions
3 History
4 Skinny dipping in modern culture
4.1 Verbal media
4.2 Visual media
5 See also
6 References
7 Sources and external links
//
Etymology
Families enjoying the swimming at Monts de Bussy, Haute Vienne, France.
The term skinny dip, first recorded in English in the 1950s, includes the somewhat archaic word skinny, known since 1573, meaning "having to do with skin", as it exposed the naked hide; in World War II skinny was also used for the "naked" truth.
Definitions
The term is commonly used with a neutral tone to describe swimming in unheated water, but is also used when referring to going naked in hot tubs and hot springs.
It has a more mischievous connotation when describing swimming excursions (often under cover of darkness) in swimming pools or at beaches where one would be expected to wear swimsuits. In this sense, skinny dipping in mixed company (i.e. both males and females) has an element of sexual rebelliousness to it, though sexual activity does not necessarily take place.
In the UK skinny-dipping is often known as 'wild swimming' though this can also refer to simply swimming in nature.
History
Social conventions relating to swimming made aquatic recreation quite cumbersome. This picture depicts early bathing machine changing areas and full swim wear. It used to be unlawful for even men to go topfree.
"The Swimming Hole" , 1885, by Thomas Eakins (1844-1916).
Prior to the mid-19th century, skinny dipping was the only method of swimming. Swimming suits had not been invented or had not come into common use.
Benjamin Franklin, an avid swimmer, possessed a copy of the Art of Swimming by Melchisech Thenot, which featured illustrations of nude swimmers. Among other notable Americans, Presidents John Quincy Adams and Theodore Roosevelt are perhaps the best-known skinny-dippers. Quotations from the diary of Rev. Robert Francis Kilvert, an English skinny-dipper, in Cec Cinder's The Nudist Idea, show the transition in the England of the 1870s from an acceptance of nude bathing to the mandatory use of bathing suits.
Skinny dipping was once very common in the U.S., especially for young boys and girls swimming in a secluded pond, swimming hole, or section of a river. Swimsuits were originally uncommon in these settings, as they were made out of materials such as wool that required extra care to deal with and were of limited practical benefit.
Although modern swimwear is more practical, skinny dipping remains a fairly common activity in rural areas, where an unwanted audience of outsiders is rather unlikely; yet it may be forbidden even there by law. Today, many swimmers in the U.S. limit their skinny dipping to private locations due to concerns about being nude in public.
Before the YMCA began to admit females in the early 1960s, swimming trunks were not even allowed in the pools, and high school swimming classes for boys sometimes had similar policies, citing the impracticality of providing and maintaining sanitary swimming gear and clogging swimming pools' filtration systems with lint fibers from the swimsuits. These practices were common because of the perception that there was nothing wrong or sexual about seeing members of the same gender in the nude, especially in these indoor contexts among equals in 'birthday suit uniform'.
In the United States, various counties and municipalities may enact their own dress codes, and many have. There is no federal law against nudity. Nude beaches, such as Baker Beach in San Francisco, operate within federal park lands in California. However, under a provision called concurrent jurisdiction, federal park rangers may enforce state and local laws, or invite local authorities to do so.
Skinny dipping in modern culture
Verbal media
As literature is not a visual medium, forms of nudity are easily accepted here.
Skinny dipping on a French beach.
In classical Dutch language works of the Flemish authors Felix Timmermans and Ernest Claes, both also made into motion pictures which include the explicit scenes, title characters practice it in different ways: the adult Pallieter, who has recovered from a potentially lethal sickness, takes skinny dive in the river is symbolical for shedding his old stuffy city life in favor of hedonistic life in the country; the mischievous schoolboy nicknamed De Witte van Sichem, a farmhand's son, is caught by his mother skinny diving with...(and so on) To get More information , you can visit some products about persian rugs carpets, round chair cushions, . The Heat Transfer Mat products should be show more here!
Monday, May 11, 2009
Ashes and Diamonds
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Ashes and Diamonds
Directed by
Andrzej Wajda
Written by
Jerzy Andrzejewski
Starring
Zbigniew Cybulski,Ewa Krzyzewska,Waclaw Zastrzezynski
Distributed by
Janus Films
Release date(s)
October 3, 1958
Running time
110 min.
Language
Polish
Ashes and Diamonds (Polish: Popi? i diament) is a 1958 film directed by Polish film director Andrzej Wajda, based on the novel by Polish writer Jerzy Andrzejewski. It completes Wajda's Three War Films trilogy, following A Generation and Kanal.
The title comes from a 19th Century poem by Cyprian Norwid and references the manner in which diamonds are formed from heat and pressure acting upon coal.
Synopsis
The film takes place in an unnamed small Polish town on May 8, 1945, the day Germany officially surrendered ending World War II. Maciek (Zbigniew Cybulski) and Andrzej (Adam Pawlikowski) are veteran Home Army soldiers who have been assigned to terminate communist Commissar Szczuka (Waclaw Zastrzezynski), but botch their first attempt to ambush him, killing instead two civilian cement plant workers. They are given a second chance in the town's leading hotel and banquet hall, Monopol.
Meanwhile, a grand fe is being organized at the hall for a newly appointed minor minister (and current town mayor) by his assistant, Drewnowski (Bogumil Kobiela). Drewnowski is in fact a double agent, present at the first attempt to kill Szczuka. Maciek manages to sweet talk himself into a room with the desk clerk, who is also a fellow Warsaw native. They sadly reminisce about such things as the older section of town and the chestnut trees which were lost when the Germans destroyed most of the city in the aftermath of the Warsaw Uprising. While Maciek and Andrzej bide their time to strike Szczuka, Maciek becomes infatuated with the hotel's barmaid, Krystyna (Ewa Krzyzewska).
Meanwhile, Szczuka is attempting to locate his long lost son, Marek. Unbeknownst to the old soldier (Szczuka served during the Spanish Civil War like many communists in the 1930s), Marek has been serving in the Home Army and was recently captured by the Red Army. Marek was serving under the officer Andrzej will replace.
Maciek's crush on Krystyna grows as the hour he must assassinate Szczuka nears, while Drewnowski becomes giddy at the thought at what his boss' promotion will do for his own career. Drinking with a cynical reporter until he is quite drunk, Drewnowski barges into the banquet dinner. In short order he sprays the guests with a fire extinguisher, pulls the tablecloth (and everything on it) to the floor and finds himself out of a job.
After sleeping with Krystyna, Maciek goes for a walk with her and ends up in a bombed-out church. She finds an inscription on the wall, a poem by Cyprian Norwid:
So often, are you as a blazing torch with flames
of burning rags falling about you flaming,
you know not if flames bring freedom or death.
Consuming all that you must cherish
if ashes only will be left, and want Chaos and tempest
Or will the ashes hold the glory of a starlike diamond
The Morning Star of everlasting triumph.
Attempting to fix her broken heel, Maciek stumbles into a crypt where the bodies of the men he helped kill that morning are laid out awaiting burial. He then decides he must carry out his orders, and when Szczuka forgoes his car to walk to the detention area holding his son, Maciek takes advantage of the opportunity to shoot him. As Szczuka falls, fireworks celebrating the end of the war fill the sky.
The next morning, Maciek goes to where Andrzej awaits in a truck. From concealment he watches as Drewnowski arrives thinking he will join them, but Andrzej is aware that Drewnowski is only doing it because he has no other choice. Andrzej throws him to the ground and drives off. When Drewnowski sees Maciek, he calls out to him. Maciek flees and runs into a patrol of Polish soldiers. He is shot and ends up dying in a trash heap.
References to the Warsaw Uprising
The main character, Maciek, has to wear a sunglass all the time, since he was in the Warsaw Uprising, which took place between August 1 and October 2 (63 days in total), and where insurgents used the Warsaw sewers to move between the Old Town and the Downtown of Warsaw. Maciek being part of the uprising explains his hatred of the Soviets, who were on the other side of the Vistula but did not help the insurgents at all. He also mentions Warsaw as a beautiful memory to the porter, obviously referring to the almost total (85%) destruction of Warsaw by the Germans following the uprising.
External links
Ashes and Diamonds at the Internet Movie Database
Ashes and Diamonds at Allmovie
Criterion Collection essay by Paul Coates
v?d?eFilms directed by Andrzej Wajda
1950s
A Generation (1955) Towards...(and so on) To get More information , you can visit some products about manufacture optical frames, led advertise screens, . The Shower Curtains products should be show more here!
Ashes and Diamonds
Directed by
Andrzej Wajda
Written by
Jerzy Andrzejewski
Starring
Zbigniew Cybulski,Ewa Krzyzewska,Waclaw Zastrzezynski
Distributed by
Janus Films
Release date(s)
October 3, 1958
Running time
110 min.
Language
Polish
Ashes and Diamonds (Polish: Popi? i diament) is a 1958 film directed by Polish film director Andrzej Wajda, based on the novel by Polish writer Jerzy Andrzejewski. It completes Wajda's Three War Films trilogy, following A Generation and Kanal.
The title comes from a 19th Century poem by Cyprian Norwid and references the manner in which diamonds are formed from heat and pressure acting upon coal.
Synopsis
The film takes place in an unnamed small Polish town on May 8, 1945, the day Germany officially surrendered ending World War II. Maciek (Zbigniew Cybulski) and Andrzej (Adam Pawlikowski) are veteran Home Army soldiers who have been assigned to terminate communist Commissar Szczuka (Waclaw Zastrzezynski), but botch their first attempt to ambush him, killing instead two civilian cement plant workers. They are given a second chance in the town's leading hotel and banquet hall, Monopol.
Meanwhile, a grand fe is being organized at the hall for a newly appointed minor minister (and current town mayor) by his assistant, Drewnowski (Bogumil Kobiela). Drewnowski is in fact a double agent, present at the first attempt to kill Szczuka. Maciek manages to sweet talk himself into a room with the desk clerk, who is also a fellow Warsaw native. They sadly reminisce about such things as the older section of town and the chestnut trees which were lost when the Germans destroyed most of the city in the aftermath of the Warsaw Uprising. While Maciek and Andrzej bide their time to strike Szczuka, Maciek becomes infatuated with the hotel's barmaid, Krystyna (Ewa Krzyzewska).
Meanwhile, Szczuka is attempting to locate his long lost son, Marek. Unbeknownst to the old soldier (Szczuka served during the Spanish Civil War like many communists in the 1930s), Marek has been serving in the Home Army and was recently captured by the Red Army. Marek was serving under the officer Andrzej will replace.
Maciek's crush on Krystyna grows as the hour he must assassinate Szczuka nears, while Drewnowski becomes giddy at the thought at what his boss' promotion will do for his own career. Drinking with a cynical reporter until he is quite drunk, Drewnowski barges into the banquet dinner. In short order he sprays the guests with a fire extinguisher, pulls the tablecloth (and everything on it) to the floor and finds himself out of a job.
After sleeping with Krystyna, Maciek goes for a walk with her and ends up in a bombed-out church. She finds an inscription on the wall, a poem by Cyprian Norwid:
So often, are you as a blazing torch with flames
of burning rags falling about you flaming,
you know not if flames bring freedom or death.
Consuming all that you must cherish
if ashes only will be left, and want Chaos and tempest
Or will the ashes hold the glory of a starlike diamond
The Morning Star of everlasting triumph.
Attempting to fix her broken heel, Maciek stumbles into a crypt where the bodies of the men he helped kill that morning are laid out awaiting burial. He then decides he must carry out his orders, and when Szczuka forgoes his car to walk to the detention area holding his son, Maciek takes advantage of the opportunity to shoot him. As Szczuka falls, fireworks celebrating the end of the war fill the sky.
The next morning, Maciek goes to where Andrzej awaits in a truck. From concealment he watches as Drewnowski arrives thinking he will join them, but Andrzej is aware that Drewnowski is only doing it because he has no other choice. Andrzej throws him to the ground and drives off. When Drewnowski sees Maciek, he calls out to him. Maciek flees and runs into a patrol of Polish soldiers. He is shot and ends up dying in a trash heap.
References to the Warsaw Uprising
The main character, Maciek, has to wear a sunglass all the time, since he was in the Warsaw Uprising, which took place between August 1 and October 2 (63 days in total), and where insurgents used the Warsaw sewers to move between the Old Town and the Downtown of Warsaw. Maciek being part of the uprising explains his hatred of the Soviets, who were on the other side of the Vistula but did not help the insurgents at all. He also mentions Warsaw as a beautiful memory to the porter, obviously referring to the almost total (85%) destruction of Warsaw by the Germans following the uprising.
External links
Ashes and Diamonds at the Internet Movie Database
Ashes and Diamonds at Allmovie
Criterion Collection essay by Paul Coates
v?d?eFilms directed by Andrzej Wajda
1950s
A Generation (1955) Towards...(and so on) To get More information , you can visit some products about manufacture optical frames, led advertise screens, . The Shower Curtains products should be show more here!
Reichstag building
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Reichstag
The Reichstag building (1900)
Building
Town
Berlin
Country
Germany
Construction
Started
9 June 1884
Design team
Architect
Paul Wallot
The Reichstag building in Berlin was constructed to house the Reichstag, the first parliament of the German Empire. It was opened in 1894 and housed the Reichstag until 1933, when it was severely damaged in a fire supposedly set by Dutch communist Marinus van der Lubbe, who was later beheaded for the crime. That verdict has been a subject of controversy over the years. The National Socialist German Workers Party used this event as casus belli to begin a purge of "traitors" in Berlin and to ban the Communist Party of Germany.
The building remained in ruins until the reunification of Germany, when it underwent reconstruction led by internationally renowned architect Norman Foster. After its completion in 1999, it became the meeting place of the modern German parliament, the Bundestag.
The Reichstag as a parliament dates back to the Holy Roman Empire and ceased to act as a true parliament in the years of the Nazi regime (19331945). In today's usage, the German term Reichstag or Reichstagsgeb?ude (Reichstag building) refers to the building, while the term Bundestag refers to the institution.
Contents
1 History of the building
1.1 Third Reich
1.2 Cold War
1.3 Reunification
2 Reichstag dome
3 Notes
4 Gallery
5 See also
6 External links
//
History of the building
The Reichstag building. The dedication "DEM DEUTSCHEN VOLKE", meaning "To the German people" or "For the German people", can be seen on the architrave.
Construction of the building began well after 1871. Previously, the parliament had assembled in several other buildings in the Leipziger Stra?e in Berlin; but these were generally considered too small, so in 1872 an architectural contest with 103 participating architects was carried out to erect an all-new building. Work did not start until ten years later though, due to various problems with purchasing property for the new building and arguments between Wilhelm I, Otto von Bismarck, and the members of the Reichstag about how the construction should be performed.
In 1882, another architectural contest was held, with 189 architects participating. This time the winner, the Frankfurt architect Paul Wallot, would actually have his plan executed. On 9 June 1884, the foundation stone was finally laid by Wilhelm I. Before construction was completed in 1894, Wilhelm I died (in 1888, the Year of Three Emperors). His successor, Wilhelm II, objected to parliament as an institution to a much greater extent. The original building was most acclaimed for the construction of an original cupola of steel and glass, an engineering masterpiece of the time.
In 1916 the iconic words "Dem Deutschen Volke" ("To the German people") were carved above the main facade of the building, much to the displeasure of Wilhelm II who had tried to block the adding of the inscription due to its democratic significance. After World War I had ended and Wilhelm had abdicated, during the revolutionary days of 1918, Philipp Scheidemann proclaimed the institution of a republic from one of the balconies of the Reichstag building on 9 November. The building continued to be the seat of the parliament of the Weimar Republic (19191933), which was still called Reichstag.
Third Reich
The building was set afire on 27 February 1933, under circumstances still not entirely clear (see Reichstag fire). This proved to be a valuable excuse for the Nazis to suspend most rights provided for by the 1919 constitution in the Reichstag Fire Decree in an effort to weed out the communists and increase state security throughout Germany.
The 12 years of National Socialist rule, the Reichstag building was not used for parliamentary sessions. Instead, the few times where the Reichstag convened at all, it did so in the Krolloper building, a former opera house opposite the Reichstag building. This applies as well to the session of 23 March 1933, in which the Reichstag disposed of its powers in favour of the Nazi government in the Enabling Act, another step of the so-called Gleichschaltung, the legal steps through which the Nazis seized power. The building (which was unusable after the fire anyway) was instead used for propaganda presentations and, during World War II, for military purposes. It was also considered to be turned into a Flak Tower, due to its general similarity, but was found to be structurally unsuitable.
It is believed that the building would have had a future in Nazi Germany had war not intervened or had Germany emerged victorious. The building was set to be restored and incorporated into Adolf Hitler's plans for Welthauptstadt Germania but would have been dominated by the enormous...(and so on) To get More information , you can visit some products about Chandelier Pendant Lighting, slag table lamps, . The Alarm Lamp products should be show more here!
Reichstag
The Reichstag building (1900)
Building
Town
Berlin
Country
Germany
Construction
Started
9 June 1884
Design team
Architect
Paul Wallot
The Reichstag building in Berlin was constructed to house the Reichstag, the first parliament of the German Empire. It was opened in 1894 and housed the Reichstag until 1933, when it was severely damaged in a fire supposedly set by Dutch communist Marinus van der Lubbe, who was later beheaded for the crime. That verdict has been a subject of controversy over the years. The National Socialist German Workers Party used this event as casus belli to begin a purge of "traitors" in Berlin and to ban the Communist Party of Germany.
The building remained in ruins until the reunification of Germany, when it underwent reconstruction led by internationally renowned architect Norman Foster. After its completion in 1999, it became the meeting place of the modern German parliament, the Bundestag.
The Reichstag as a parliament dates back to the Holy Roman Empire and ceased to act as a true parliament in the years of the Nazi regime (19331945). In today's usage, the German term Reichstag or Reichstagsgeb?ude (Reichstag building) refers to the building, while the term Bundestag refers to the institution.
Contents
1 History of the building
1.1 Third Reich
1.2 Cold War
1.3 Reunification
2 Reichstag dome
3 Notes
4 Gallery
5 See also
6 External links
//
History of the building
The Reichstag building. The dedication "DEM DEUTSCHEN VOLKE", meaning "To the German people" or "For the German people", can be seen on the architrave.
Construction of the building began well after 1871. Previously, the parliament had assembled in several other buildings in the Leipziger Stra?e in Berlin; but these were generally considered too small, so in 1872 an architectural contest with 103 participating architects was carried out to erect an all-new building. Work did not start until ten years later though, due to various problems with purchasing property for the new building and arguments between Wilhelm I, Otto von Bismarck, and the members of the Reichstag about how the construction should be performed.
In 1882, another architectural contest was held, with 189 architects participating. This time the winner, the Frankfurt architect Paul Wallot, would actually have his plan executed. On 9 June 1884, the foundation stone was finally laid by Wilhelm I. Before construction was completed in 1894, Wilhelm I died (in 1888, the Year of Three Emperors). His successor, Wilhelm II, objected to parliament as an institution to a much greater extent. The original building was most acclaimed for the construction of an original cupola of steel and glass, an engineering masterpiece of the time.
In 1916 the iconic words "Dem Deutschen Volke" ("To the German people") were carved above the main facade of the building, much to the displeasure of Wilhelm II who had tried to block the adding of the inscription due to its democratic significance. After World War I had ended and Wilhelm had abdicated, during the revolutionary days of 1918, Philipp Scheidemann proclaimed the institution of a republic from one of the balconies of the Reichstag building on 9 November. The building continued to be the seat of the parliament of the Weimar Republic (19191933), which was still called Reichstag.
Third Reich
The building was set afire on 27 February 1933, under circumstances still not entirely clear (see Reichstag fire). This proved to be a valuable excuse for the Nazis to suspend most rights provided for by the 1919 constitution in the Reichstag Fire Decree in an effort to weed out the communists and increase state security throughout Germany.
The 12 years of National Socialist rule, the Reichstag building was not used for parliamentary sessions. Instead, the few times where the Reichstag convened at all, it did so in the Krolloper building, a former opera house opposite the Reichstag building. This applies as well to the session of 23 March 1933, in which the Reichstag disposed of its powers in favour of the Nazi government in the Enabling Act, another step of the so-called Gleichschaltung, the legal steps through which the Nazis seized power. The building (which was unusable after the fire anyway) was instead used for propaganda presentations and, during World War II, for military purposes. It was also considered to be turned into a Flak Tower, due to its general similarity, but was found to be structurally unsuitable.
It is believed that the building would have had a future in Nazi Germany had war not intervened or had Germany emerged victorious. The building was set to be restored and incorporated into Adolf Hitler's plans for Welthauptstadt Germania but would have been dominated by the enormous...(and so on) To get More information , you can visit some products about Chandelier Pendant Lighting, slag table lamps, . The Alarm Lamp products should be show more here!
Social impact
I want to introduct something about Surf Wear - Performance Wear. Performance Wear Tee Dri-release/freshguard 85% Polyester 15% Cotton Other graphics available Unisex Surf Wear - Performance Wear
(Redirected from Thong in the news)
Thongs as underwear a traditional thong on the left, a G-string on the right
The social impact of thong underwear has been covered extensively in the media, ranging from a ban on wearing thongs to thongs for the underaged. The rise of thong usage has been linked to a rise of sexual fetish in society and a rise in the desire to go unclothed. When discussing the trend of wearing thongs Sharon Daugherty comments in her book What Guys See That Girls Don't: Or Do They? that the fashion industry "may have changed the mindset of our society", which was followed by the observation that "the whole idea of wearing so that no panty line or bumps can show isn't substantiated" and that "the thong was created by fashion designers to arouse sexual thoughts". Thongs have a significant news presence that covered items that ranged from indecent exposure to thongs in popular culture. One of the biggest thong controversies surfaced in November 1995, when a thong flash by Monica Lewinsky played a pivotal role in her seduction of U.S. President Bill Clinton in what would become the Lewinsky scandal. According to feminist commentator Carrie Lukas, Lewinsky "with her thong-snapping seduction, forever changed the image of the D.C. junior staffer from aspiring policy wonk to sexual temptress." And Britney Spears's purchase of thongs and other undergarments was reported on by gossip website TMZ.com.
Marketing analysts Marian L. Salzman, Ira Matathia and Ann O'Reilly observed in the book Buzz: Harness the Power of Influence and Create Demand that thong brands are riding on the wide media coverage of thongs to create buzz. Photographer Lauren Greenfield wrote in her book Girl Culture, "Understanding the dialectic between the extreme and the mainstream the anorexic and the dieter, the stripper and the teenager who bares her midriff or wears a thong is essential to understanding contemporary feminine identity." In 2004, political commentator Cedric Muhammad wrote in essay The Thong versus the Veil, "We wondered at the end of the day, of the two groups of women most prominently featured on American TV these days, who gains more respect for their intellect and spirit the Afghan woman who is so totally veiled that you can't even see her eyes or the Black woman in the R&B and Hip-Hop video who dances while wearing a bikini and thong?"
Contents
1 Campus controversies
2 Sports
3 Censorship
4 Thongs for younger minors
5 Indecent exposure
6 Other controversies
7 Popular culture
8 Thong organizations
9 See also
10 References
//
Campus controversies
In 1999 a Miami University a male professor was banned from using the school's recreation center because he refused to stop wearing thong swimwear. The professor challenged the school in court.
In 2001 a Salinas High School principal was in the center of a variety of controversies including bans on clothing to the extent that "thong panties were unofficially banned." One student alleged that she was given a dress-code violation note for wearing a thong. This story made national headlines in September 2000.
In 2002, a female high school vice principal in San Diego physically checked up to 100 female students' underwear as they entered the school for a dance, with or without student permission, causing an uproar among students and some parents and eliciting an investigation by the school into the vice principal's conduct. In her defense, the vice principal said the checks were for student safety and not specifically because of the wearing of thongs ("This was a safety issue, it was not a choice of underwear issue").
In 2003, the head teacher of a British primary school voiced her concern after learning that girl pupils as young as 10 were wearing thong underwear to school. This incident led to a media debate about the appropriateness of thong underwear marketed to young girls.
The dress code for St. Ambrose Academy specifically addresses swimsuits with "thong-cut legs" as inappropriate. At Dixon High School in Dixon, California, the dress code specifies that all undergarments - specifically listing thongs along with bras and briefs - must be covered.
University of Victoria Law School briefly put the school logo on thongs, but quickly pulled them from sale after controversy sprung up.
Sports
The University of California 4-H program specifically forbids "string, thong or crochet" swimsuits for women. For men, the dress code specifies "swim trunks only (no shorts, cut-off pants, or Speedos)." A similar policy by Virginia FCCLA bans "skimpy bikini or thong type suits" for women and specifies "swim trunks" for men ("no speedos").
In 2001, Vicky Botwright, then 16th seeded in women's squash circuit and dubbed as the 'Lancashire Hot Bot', was prohibited by Women's International...(and so on) To get More information , you can visit some products about kids polo sweater, urban denim wear, . The Surf Wear - Performance Wear products should be show more here!
(Redirected from Thong in the news)
Thongs as underwear a traditional thong on the left, a G-string on the right
The social impact of thong underwear has been covered extensively in the media, ranging from a ban on wearing thongs to thongs for the underaged. The rise of thong usage has been linked to a rise of sexual fetish in society and a rise in the desire to go unclothed. When discussing the trend of wearing thongs Sharon Daugherty comments in her book What Guys See That Girls Don't: Or Do They? that the fashion industry "may have changed the mindset of our society", which was followed by the observation that "the whole idea of wearing so that no panty line or bumps can show isn't substantiated" and that "the thong was created by fashion designers to arouse sexual thoughts". Thongs have a significant news presence that covered items that ranged from indecent exposure to thongs in popular culture. One of the biggest thong controversies surfaced in November 1995, when a thong flash by Monica Lewinsky played a pivotal role in her seduction of U.S. President Bill Clinton in what would become the Lewinsky scandal. According to feminist commentator Carrie Lukas, Lewinsky "with her thong-snapping seduction, forever changed the image of the D.C. junior staffer from aspiring policy wonk to sexual temptress." And Britney Spears's purchase of thongs and other undergarments was reported on by gossip website TMZ.com.
Marketing analysts Marian L. Salzman, Ira Matathia and Ann O'Reilly observed in the book Buzz: Harness the Power of Influence and Create Demand that thong brands are riding on the wide media coverage of thongs to create buzz. Photographer Lauren Greenfield wrote in her book Girl Culture, "Understanding the dialectic between the extreme and the mainstream the anorexic and the dieter, the stripper and the teenager who bares her midriff or wears a thong is essential to understanding contemporary feminine identity." In 2004, political commentator Cedric Muhammad wrote in essay The Thong versus the Veil, "We wondered at the end of the day, of the two groups of women most prominently featured on American TV these days, who gains more respect for their intellect and spirit the Afghan woman who is so totally veiled that you can't even see her eyes or the Black woman in the R&B and Hip-Hop video who dances while wearing a bikini and thong?"
Contents
1 Campus controversies
2 Sports
3 Censorship
4 Thongs for younger minors
5 Indecent exposure
6 Other controversies
7 Popular culture
8 Thong organizations
9 See also
10 References
//
Campus controversies
In 1999 a Miami University a male professor was banned from using the school's recreation center because he refused to stop wearing thong swimwear. The professor challenged the school in court.
In 2001 a Salinas High School principal was in the center of a variety of controversies including bans on clothing to the extent that "thong panties were unofficially banned." One student alleged that she was given a dress-code violation note for wearing a thong. This story made national headlines in September 2000.
In 2002, a female high school vice principal in San Diego physically checked up to 100 female students' underwear as they entered the school for a dance, with or without student permission, causing an uproar among students and some parents and eliciting an investigation by the school into the vice principal's conduct. In her defense, the vice principal said the checks were for student safety and not specifically because of the wearing of thongs ("This was a safety issue, it was not a choice of underwear issue").
In 2003, the head teacher of a British primary school voiced her concern after learning that girl pupils as young as 10 were wearing thong underwear to school. This incident led to a media debate about the appropriateness of thong underwear marketed to young girls.
The dress code for St. Ambrose Academy specifically addresses swimsuits with "thong-cut legs" as inappropriate. At Dixon High School in Dixon, California, the dress code specifies that all undergarments - specifically listing thongs along with bras and briefs - must be covered.
University of Victoria Law School briefly put the school logo on thongs, but quickly pulled them from sale after controversy sprung up.
Sports
The University of California 4-H program specifically forbids "string, thong or crochet" swimsuits for women. For men, the dress code specifies "swim trunks only (no shorts, cut-off pants, or Speedos)." A similar policy by Virginia FCCLA bans "skimpy bikini or thong type suits" for women and specifies "swim trunks" for men ("no speedos").
In 2001, Vicky Botwright, then 16th seeded in women's squash circuit and dubbed as the 'Lancashire Hot Bot', was prohibited by Women's International...(and so on) To get More information , you can visit some products about kids polo sweater, urban denim wear, . The Surf Wear - Performance Wear products should be show more here!
Amplidyne
I want to introduct something about 1hp High Pressure Compressor. * Small portable high pressure compressor 1. 3 stage / 3 cylinders, piston reciprocating compressor 2. Air-cooled & Oil-lubricated type 3. Direct-coupled driven by electric motor 1Hp 4. Working pressure: 50 ~ 200 KG / cm2 5. Flow capacity: 30 liter / min 6. Electric power: 220V, 50 / 60Hz, single phase 7. Safety valve, pressure gauge, separator, inter & after-cooler, oil level indicator, fan with cover, rubber vibrator. 8. Dimension: L 460 x W 360 x H 350 (mm) , 30 kgs 9. Application: paintball, test lab. , small cylinder filling, HP air charging, air-gun / rifle etc. 10. Option: auto-stop by pressure switch 11. Origin: Korea
An amplidyne is an electromechanical amplifier invented during World War II by Ernst Alexanderson. It is usually an AC motor driving a DC generator with modifications to increase the power gain available. A small electrical signal can control the position of a large motor using this approach.
Contents
1 How it works
2 How it is used in a gun mount
3 Applications
4 References
5 External links
//
How it works
An amplidyne is a special case of a motor generator. A motor generator is just what it sounds like, a motor and a generator on a common shaft. Energy comes from the motor, and the power output is controlled by changing the field current of the generator. In a typical generator the load brushes are positioned perpendicular to the magnetic field flux. To convert a generator to an amplidyne you connect what would be the load brushes together and take the output from another set of brushes that are parallel with the field. The perpendicular brushes are now called the 'quadrature' brushes. This simple change can increase the gain by a factor of 10,000 or more.
(I need to clean up some pictures from the NEETS module on 'Generators and Motors' and upload them. If you want to see them, follow this link then Next through four pages of detailed information. Amplidynes start part way down the page.)
How it is used in a gun mount
Amplidyne circuit as used in U.S. Navy naval gun control.
In its simplest form, an amplidyne follow-up system consists of:
a synchro control transformer;
an amplifier;
the amplidyne motor-generator, which is similar to a Ward Leonard control drive;
and the follow-up DC motor which drives the load to be positioned.
Chapter 10 of the U.S. Navy manual Naval Ordnance and Gunnery, Volume 1 (1957) explains the operation of the amplidyne:
"The synchro control transformer receives the order signal which indicates electrically what the position of the load should be. The rotor of the synchro control transformer is turned by the response shaft, which is geared to the load and so indicates what the position of the load actually is. The synchro compares the actual load position with the ordered position; and, if the two do not agree, it generates an alternating-current signal which is transmitted to the amplifier. The angular difference between the two positions is called the error, and the signal to the amplifier is the error signal. The error signal indicates by its electrical characteristics the size and direction of the error. If no error exists, the system is said to be in correspondence and the error signal is zero."
Applications
Amplidynes were initially used to point naval guns, and later, land artillery.
Later used to control processes in steelworks.[citation needed]
Used to remotely operate the control rods in early nuclear submarine designs (S3G Triton).[citation needed]
Many elevators used to use amplidynes.[citation needed]
References
^ NEETS (Naval Electrical Engineering Training Series) Module 5, Pages 12-23 to 1-26.
^ a b Naval Ordnance and Gunnery, Volume 1, 1957, U.S. Navy Manual, Chapter 10.
External links
Adventures in Cybersound website
v?d?eElectric motors
Broad Motor Categories
Synchronous motor ? AC motor ? DC motor
ConventionalElectric Motors
Induction ? Brushed DC ? Brushless DC ? Stepper ? Linear ? Unipolar ? Reluctance
Novel Electric Motors
Ball bearing ? Homopolar ? Piezoelectric ? Ultrasonic ? Electrostatic
MotorControllers
Adjustable-speed drive ? Amplidyne ? Direct torque control ? Direct on line starter ? Electronic speed control ? Metadyne ? Motor controller ? Variable-frequency drive ? Ward Leonard control ? Thyristor drive
See also
Barlow's Wheel ? Nanomotor ? Traction motor ? Lynch motor ? Mendocino motor ? Repulsion motor ? Inchworm motor ? Booster (electric power) ? Brush (electric) ? Electrical generator
This electronics-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
Categories: Electronic amplifiers | Electronics stubs
Hidden categories: All articles with unsourced statements | Articles with unsourced statements since December 2007(and so on) To get More information , you can visit some products about synchronous gear motors, pan cake motor, . The 1hp High Pressure Compressor products should be show more here!
An amplidyne is an electromechanical amplifier invented during World War II by Ernst Alexanderson. It is usually an AC motor driving a DC generator with modifications to increase the power gain available. A small electrical signal can control the position of a large motor using this approach.
Contents
1 How it works
2 How it is used in a gun mount
3 Applications
4 References
5 External links
//
How it works
An amplidyne is a special case of a motor generator. A motor generator is just what it sounds like, a motor and a generator on a common shaft. Energy comes from the motor, and the power output is controlled by changing the field current of the generator. In a typical generator the load brushes are positioned perpendicular to the magnetic field flux. To convert a generator to an amplidyne you connect what would be the load brushes together and take the output from another set of brushes that are parallel with the field. The perpendicular brushes are now called the 'quadrature' brushes. This simple change can increase the gain by a factor of 10,000 or more.
(I need to clean up some pictures from the NEETS module on 'Generators and Motors' and upload them. If you want to see them, follow this link then Next through four pages of detailed information. Amplidynes start part way down the page.)
How it is used in a gun mount
Amplidyne circuit as used in U.S. Navy naval gun control.
In its simplest form, an amplidyne follow-up system consists of:
a synchro control transformer;
an amplifier;
the amplidyne motor-generator, which is similar to a Ward Leonard control drive;
and the follow-up DC motor which drives the load to be positioned.
Chapter 10 of the U.S. Navy manual Naval Ordnance and Gunnery, Volume 1 (1957) explains the operation of the amplidyne:
"The synchro control transformer receives the order signal which indicates electrically what the position of the load should be. The rotor of the synchro control transformer is turned by the response shaft, which is geared to the load and so indicates what the position of the load actually is. The synchro compares the actual load position with the ordered position; and, if the two do not agree, it generates an alternating-current signal which is transmitted to the amplifier. The angular difference between the two positions is called the error, and the signal to the amplifier is the error signal. The error signal indicates by its electrical characteristics the size and direction of the error. If no error exists, the system is said to be in correspondence and the error signal is zero."
Applications
Amplidynes were initially used to point naval guns, and later, land artillery.
Later used to control processes in steelworks.[citation needed]
Used to remotely operate the control rods in early nuclear submarine designs (S3G Triton).[citation needed]
Many elevators used to use amplidynes.[citation needed]
References
^ NEETS (Naval Electrical Engineering Training Series) Module 5, Pages 12-23 to 1-26.
^ a b Naval Ordnance and Gunnery, Volume 1, 1957, U.S. Navy Manual, Chapter 10.
External links
Adventures in Cybersound website
v?d?eElectric motors
Broad Motor Categories
Synchronous motor ? AC motor ? DC motor
ConventionalElectric Motors
Induction ? Brushed DC ? Brushless DC ? Stepper ? Linear ? Unipolar ? Reluctance
Novel Electric Motors
Ball bearing ? Homopolar ? Piezoelectric ? Ultrasonic ? Electrostatic
MotorControllers
Adjustable-speed drive ? Amplidyne ? Direct torque control ? Direct on line starter ? Electronic speed control ? Metadyne ? Motor controller ? Variable-frequency drive ? Ward Leonard control ? Thyristor drive
See also
Barlow's Wheel ? Nanomotor ? Traction motor ? Lynch motor ? Mendocino motor ? Repulsion motor ? Inchworm motor ? Booster (electric power) ? Brush (electric) ? Electrical generator
This electronics-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
Categories: Electronic amplifiers | Electronics stubs
Hidden categories: All articles with unsourced statements | Articles with unsourced statements since December 2007(and so on) To get More information , you can visit some products about synchronous gear motors, pan cake motor, . The 1hp High Pressure Compressor products should be show more here!
Dress uniform
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See military uniform and full dress for wider coverage of dress uniforms.
The examples and perspective in this article may not represent a worldwide view of the subject. Please improve this article or discuss the issue on the talk page.
Students from the ole Polytechnique, near Paris, France, in full dress uniform.
German Army Guard Battalion on Parade in Rome (Italy)
Dress uniform (often referred to as Full Dress Uniform, to distinguish it from Mess Dress, and from semi-formal uniforms, such as the British Army's Service Dress), is the most formal military uniform, typically worn at ceremonies, official receptions, and other special occasions; with order insignias and full size medals. The uniform design may be distinct to a service (Marines, Army, Navy, Air Force, etc.), or to a Regiment or Branch of Service. Although they are often brightly colored, and adorned with ornaments (gold braid, lanyards, etc.), most originated as practical uniforms that, with the adoption of even more practical uniforms, have been relegated to ceremonial functions.
Although many services use the term dress generically for uniforms, allowing it to refer to more modern combat uniforms, with suitable modifiers (eg., the British Army's obsolete Battle Dress (BD), and the US Army's obsolete Battle Dress Uniform (BDU)), the term Dress Uniform, without a prefixed modifier, is always assumed to refer to the full, ceremonial dress.
Contents
1 United Kingdom
1.1 British Army
1.2 Royal Air Force
2 Canada
2.1 Canadian Forces
3 United States
3.1 U.S. Army
3.2 U.S. Navy
3.3 U.S. Marine Corps
4 Israel
5 See also
//
United Kingdom
British Army
A parade by officer cadets at the RMAS.
Most of the various uniforms worn by the British Army today, were, historically, combat uniforms. At the start of the 19th century, British Army Regiments of Foot, trained to fight in the manner dictated by a weapon (the musket) which demanded close proximity to the target, were not concerned with camouflage, and wore red coats (scarlet for officers and sergeants). The British infantry literally was a thin red line. Rifle regiments, fighting as skirmishers, and equipped with rifles, were more concerned with camouflage however, and wore dark green uniforms. Light Infantry regiments were also trained as skirmishers but wore red uniforms with green shakos. Whereas the infantry generally wore polished brass buttons and white carrying equipment, the Rifles wore black.
Heavy dragoons and Royal Engineers wore red (or later scarlet) coats. Most of the remainder of the British Army, however, including the Royal Regiment of Artillery, hussars, all but one Lancer regiment, and various support elements wore dark blue uniforms. These varied greatly in detail according to the arm of service or in many cases the individual regiment. From the Crimea War on, a narrow red stripe (piping) down the outside of each trouser leg was common to all red coated infantry units. Cavalry however wore stripes of regimental colour (white, yellow, blue/grey etc)on their riding breeches. Scottish Highland regiments did not wear trousers, favouring the kilt, and Scottish Lowland regiments adopted tartan trews. All Scottish regiments wore doublets of distinctive cut instead of the tunics of English, Irish and Welsh units.
Two Warrant Officers of the Bermuda Regiment in Number 1 Dress. Their uniforms are distinguished from the British Army's by the red cuffs and collars.
Beginning with the Second Anglo-Afghan War of 1878, the British Army began adopting light khaki uniforms for Tropical service. This innovation arose from experience fighting irregular forces in India, say during the Indian Mutiny and Africa during the Anglo-Zulu War, the invention of smokeless gunpowder and the increasing effectiveness and usage of rifles. In 1902 a darker shade of Service Dress (SD) was adopted for field and ordinary use in Britain itself. The scarlet, blue and rifle green uniforms were retained for wear as full dress on parade and walking-out dress when off duty. When khaki web carrying equipment was introduced, the earlier, white or black leather carrying equipment was reduced to just the belt (and sometimes a bayonet frog), for wear with the dress uniform. As with the earlier uniforms, the officers' uniforms differed in quality and detail from those worn by the Other Ranks. Officers purchased their own dress uniforms from regimentally approved Saville Row tailors while other ranks were issued all orders of dress from government stocks.
With the outbreak of World War I in August 1914 all full dress and other coloured uniforms ceased to be worn by the British Army. After 1919 they were restored to the Household Cavalry and Foot Guards for ceremonial purposes but not to the bulk of the army. Officers were...(and so on) To get More information , you can visit some products about Elegant Evening Dresses, pretty evening dress, . The eDressit Black Prom Gown Evening Dress products should be show more here!
See military uniform and full dress for wider coverage of dress uniforms.
The examples and perspective in this article may not represent a worldwide view of the subject. Please improve this article or discuss the issue on the talk page.
Students from the ole Polytechnique, near Paris, France, in full dress uniform.
German Army Guard Battalion on Parade in Rome (Italy)
Dress uniform (often referred to as Full Dress Uniform, to distinguish it from Mess Dress, and from semi-formal uniforms, such as the British Army's Service Dress), is the most formal military uniform, typically worn at ceremonies, official receptions, and other special occasions; with order insignias and full size medals. The uniform design may be distinct to a service (Marines, Army, Navy, Air Force, etc.), or to a Regiment or Branch of Service. Although they are often brightly colored, and adorned with ornaments (gold braid, lanyards, etc.), most originated as practical uniforms that, with the adoption of even more practical uniforms, have been relegated to ceremonial functions.
Although many services use the term dress generically for uniforms, allowing it to refer to more modern combat uniforms, with suitable modifiers (eg., the British Army's obsolete Battle Dress (BD), and the US Army's obsolete Battle Dress Uniform (BDU)), the term Dress Uniform, without a prefixed modifier, is always assumed to refer to the full, ceremonial dress.
Contents
1 United Kingdom
1.1 British Army
1.2 Royal Air Force
2 Canada
2.1 Canadian Forces
3 United States
3.1 U.S. Army
3.2 U.S. Navy
3.3 U.S. Marine Corps
4 Israel
5 See also
//
United Kingdom
British Army
A parade by officer cadets at the RMAS.
Most of the various uniforms worn by the British Army today, were, historically, combat uniforms. At the start of the 19th century, British Army Regiments of Foot, trained to fight in the manner dictated by a weapon (the musket) which demanded close proximity to the target, were not concerned with camouflage, and wore red coats (scarlet for officers and sergeants). The British infantry literally was a thin red line. Rifle regiments, fighting as skirmishers, and equipped with rifles, were more concerned with camouflage however, and wore dark green uniforms. Light Infantry regiments were also trained as skirmishers but wore red uniforms with green shakos. Whereas the infantry generally wore polished brass buttons and white carrying equipment, the Rifles wore black.
Heavy dragoons and Royal Engineers wore red (or later scarlet) coats. Most of the remainder of the British Army, however, including the Royal Regiment of Artillery, hussars, all but one Lancer regiment, and various support elements wore dark blue uniforms. These varied greatly in detail according to the arm of service or in many cases the individual regiment. From the Crimea War on, a narrow red stripe (piping) down the outside of each trouser leg was common to all red coated infantry units. Cavalry however wore stripes of regimental colour (white, yellow, blue/grey etc)on their riding breeches. Scottish Highland regiments did not wear trousers, favouring the kilt, and Scottish Lowland regiments adopted tartan trews. All Scottish regiments wore doublets of distinctive cut instead of the tunics of English, Irish and Welsh units.
Two Warrant Officers of the Bermuda Regiment in Number 1 Dress. Their uniforms are distinguished from the British Army's by the red cuffs and collars.
Beginning with the Second Anglo-Afghan War of 1878, the British Army began adopting light khaki uniforms for Tropical service. This innovation arose from experience fighting irregular forces in India, say during the Indian Mutiny and Africa during the Anglo-Zulu War, the invention of smokeless gunpowder and the increasing effectiveness and usage of rifles. In 1902 a darker shade of Service Dress (SD) was adopted for field and ordinary use in Britain itself. The scarlet, blue and rifle green uniforms were retained for wear as full dress on parade and walking-out dress when off duty. When khaki web carrying equipment was introduced, the earlier, white or black leather carrying equipment was reduced to just the belt (and sometimes a bayonet frog), for wear with the dress uniform. As with the earlier uniforms, the officers' uniforms differed in quality and detail from those worn by the Other Ranks. Officers purchased their own dress uniforms from regimentally approved Saville Row tailors while other ranks were issued all orders of dress from government stocks.
With the outbreak of World War I in August 1914 all full dress and other coloured uniforms ceased to be worn by the British Army. After 1919 they were restored to the Household Cavalry and Foot Guards for ceremonial purposes but not to the bulk of the army. Officers were...(and so on) To get More information , you can visit some products about Elegant Evening Dresses, pretty evening dress, . The eDressit Black Prom Gown Evening Dress products should be show more here!
Beach soccer
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Beach soccer
Highest governing body
FIFA
Nickname(s)
Beach Football, Beach Footie, Beasal
First played
1992
Characteristics
Contact
Contact
Team members
5 at a time
Category
Outdoor
Ball
Football
Beach Football (Beasal) is a variant of the sport of football. The game itself is played on a beach, or some form of sand, and emphasises skill, agility and shooting at goal.
Whilst football has been played informally on beaches for many years, the introduction of beach soccer was an attempt to codify rules for the game. This was done in 1992 by the founders of Beach Soccer Worldwide, a company set up to develop the sport and responsible for the majority of its tournaments to this day. This was a major foundation for what we now know as beach soccer and what has led to the sport rapidly growing in populartity.
The irregularity of the soft-sand playing surface leads to a totaly different style of play which is played in football, where players must improvise. The compact pitch, much smaller than a regular football pitch, allows players to score from anywhere on the sand. This leads to high scoring games, with an average of sixty attempts at goal in a single game, with an average scoring rate of one goal every three or four minutes, which means around eleven goals are scored in total per game.
Contents
1 History
1.1 Foundation of the Sport 1992-1993
1.2 Growth of the Sport 1994-2000
1.3 Recent Years 2001-Present
2 Rules
2.1 Players
2.2 Match Length
2.3 Referees and Discipline
3 Pitch
4 Main Beach soccer tournaments
4.1 International
4.2 Confederation
4.2.1 Europe
4.2.2 Asia
4.2.3 Africa
4.2.4 Oceania
4.2.5 South America
4.2.6 North America
5 World Rankings
6 References
7 External links
//
History
Foundation of the Sport 1992-1993
Children playing informal Beach Soccer
Beach Soccer (Beasal) started in Brazil, more precisely at Leme beach, Rio de Janeiro, and has grown to be an international game. The participation of internationally renowned players such as flamboyant Frenchman Eric Cantona, legendary Spanish strikers Michel and Julio Salinas and Brazilian stars such as Romario, Jior and Zico has helped to expand television coverage to large audiences in over 170 countries worldwide, making Beach Soccer one of the fastest growing professional sports in the world and converting it into a major showcase for international commercial opportunity.
Beach Soccer had been played recreationally all over the world for many years and in many different formats. In 1992 the laws of the game were envisioned and a pilot event was staged by the founding partners of BSWW in Los Angeles. By 1993, the first professional beach soccer competition was organized at Miami Beach, with teams from the United States, Brazil, Argentina and Italy taking part.
Growth of the Sport 1994-2000
In April 1994 the first event to be covered by network television transmissions was held on Copacabana Beach in Rio de Janeiro and the city hosted the first Beach Soccer World Championship in 1995. The competition was won by the host nation, making Brazil the first ever World Champions of Beach Soccer. The success of the tournament saw commercial interest begin to match developments on the pitch and growing demand for the sport around the world gave rise to the Pro Beach Soccer Tour in 1996.
The first Pro Beach Soccer Tour included a total of 60 games in two years across South America, Europe, Asia and the United States, attracting major names both on and off the pitch. Interest generated by the tour in Europe led to the creation of the European Pro Beach Soccer League in 1998, providing a solid infrastructure that would increase the professionalism of the spectacle on all levels. The EPBSL, now known as the Euro BS League, brought promoters together from across the continent and satisfied the demands of the media, sponsors and fans. Only four years on from its creation, the successful first step in the building of a legitimate Worldwide Competition Structure for the sport of Pro Beach Soccer had been taken.
Behind the scenes key developments were also taking place, with the Beach Soccer Company relocating its headquarters to Europe, firstly to Monaco and then Barcelona, before becoming Pro Beach Soccer, S.L. in April 2000. One year later they would join forces with Octagon Koch Tavares, who had continued to organise the World Championships and events in South America, to form a single entity known as Beach Soccer Worldwide (BSWW), with the aim of unifying all major Pro Beach Soccer tournaments in the world under the same structure and providing representation of the sport to major sponsors, the media and FIFA.
The...(and so on) To get More information , you can visit some products about steel tank industry, household cleaning appliances, . The 48-Core Patch Panel products should be show more here!
Beach soccer
Highest governing body
FIFA
Nickname(s)
Beach Football, Beach Footie, Beasal
First played
1992
Characteristics
Contact
Contact
Team members
5 at a time
Category
Outdoor
Ball
Football
Beach Football (Beasal) is a variant of the sport of football. The game itself is played on a beach, or some form of sand, and emphasises skill, agility and shooting at goal.
Whilst football has been played informally on beaches for many years, the introduction of beach soccer was an attempt to codify rules for the game. This was done in 1992 by the founders of Beach Soccer Worldwide, a company set up to develop the sport and responsible for the majority of its tournaments to this day. This was a major foundation for what we now know as beach soccer and what has led to the sport rapidly growing in populartity.
The irregularity of the soft-sand playing surface leads to a totaly different style of play which is played in football, where players must improvise. The compact pitch, much smaller than a regular football pitch, allows players to score from anywhere on the sand. This leads to high scoring games, with an average of sixty attempts at goal in a single game, with an average scoring rate of one goal every three or four minutes, which means around eleven goals are scored in total per game.
Contents
1 History
1.1 Foundation of the Sport 1992-1993
1.2 Growth of the Sport 1994-2000
1.3 Recent Years 2001-Present
2 Rules
2.1 Players
2.2 Match Length
2.3 Referees and Discipline
3 Pitch
4 Main Beach soccer tournaments
4.1 International
4.2 Confederation
4.2.1 Europe
4.2.2 Asia
4.2.3 Africa
4.2.4 Oceania
4.2.5 South America
4.2.6 North America
5 World Rankings
6 References
7 External links
//
History
Foundation of the Sport 1992-1993
Children playing informal Beach Soccer
Beach Soccer (Beasal) started in Brazil, more precisely at Leme beach, Rio de Janeiro, and has grown to be an international game. The participation of internationally renowned players such as flamboyant Frenchman Eric Cantona, legendary Spanish strikers Michel and Julio Salinas and Brazilian stars such as Romario, Jior and Zico has helped to expand television coverage to large audiences in over 170 countries worldwide, making Beach Soccer one of the fastest growing professional sports in the world and converting it into a major showcase for international commercial opportunity.
Beach Soccer had been played recreationally all over the world for many years and in many different formats. In 1992 the laws of the game were envisioned and a pilot event was staged by the founding partners of BSWW in Los Angeles. By 1993, the first professional beach soccer competition was organized at Miami Beach, with teams from the United States, Brazil, Argentina and Italy taking part.
Growth of the Sport 1994-2000
In April 1994 the first event to be covered by network television transmissions was held on Copacabana Beach in Rio de Janeiro and the city hosted the first Beach Soccer World Championship in 1995. The competition was won by the host nation, making Brazil the first ever World Champions of Beach Soccer. The success of the tournament saw commercial interest begin to match developments on the pitch and growing demand for the sport around the world gave rise to the Pro Beach Soccer Tour in 1996.
The first Pro Beach Soccer Tour included a total of 60 games in two years across South America, Europe, Asia and the United States, attracting major names both on and off the pitch. Interest generated by the tour in Europe led to the creation of the European Pro Beach Soccer League in 1998, providing a solid infrastructure that would increase the professionalism of the spectacle on all levels. The EPBSL, now known as the Euro BS League, brought promoters together from across the continent and satisfied the demands of the media, sponsors and fans. Only four years on from its creation, the successful first step in the building of a legitimate Worldwide Competition Structure for the sport of Pro Beach Soccer had been taken.
Behind the scenes key developments were also taking place, with the Beach Soccer Company relocating its headquarters to Europe, firstly to Monaco and then Barcelona, before becoming Pro Beach Soccer, S.L. in April 2000. One year later they would join forces with Octagon Koch Tavares, who had continued to organise the World Championships and events in South America, to form a single entity known as Beach Soccer Worldwide (BSWW), with the aim of unifying all major Pro Beach Soccer tournaments in the world under the same structure and providing representation of the sport to major sponsors, the media and FIFA.
The...(and so on) To get More information , you can visit some products about steel tank industry, household cleaning appliances, . The 48-Core Patch Panel products should be show more here!
Quercus ilex
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(Redirected from Holm Oak)
Holm Oak
Holm Oak foliage; note pale undersides
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Plantae
Division:
Magnoliophyta
Class:
Magnoliopsida
Order:
Fagales
Family:
Fagaceae
Genus:
Quercus
Section:
Quercus
Species:
Q. ilex
Binomial name
Quercus ilexL.
The Holm Oak (Quercus ilex), also called Holly Oak or Evergreen Oak, is a large evergreen oak native to the Mediterranean region. It takes its name from holm, an ancient name for holly. In Spanish it is called encina, in Portuguese azinheira and in French che vert or yeuse. It is a member of the white oak section of the genus, with acorns that mature in a single summer.
Leaves and catkins in spring
It is a medium-size tree 2027 m tall with finely square-fissured blackish bark and leathery evergreen leaves. The old leaves fall 12 years after new leaves emerge. The leaves are dark green above and pale whitish-grey with dense short hairs below. The leaf shape is variable, the adult leaves are entire, 48 cm long and 13 cm broad, while those on the lower branches of young trees are often larger (to 10 cm long), and are toothed or somewhat spiny. This is presumed to be for protection from grazing animals. In this, the foliage resembles that of the common European Holly Ilex aquifolium, and this resemblance has led to its common and botanic names. The name ilex is originally the classical Latin name for the Holm Oak, but was later also used as a botanical genus name for the hollies. The flowers are catkins, produced in the spring; the fruit is an acorn, which matures in about six months.
There are two subspecies:
Quercus ilex subsp. ilex. Native in the north and east of the species' range, from northern Iberia and France east to Greece. Leaves narrow; acorns 2 cm long, bitter tasting.
Quercus ilex subsp. rotundifolia (syn. Q. rotundifolia, Q. ballota). Native in the southwest of the species' range, in central and southern Iberia (Spain) and northwest Africa. Leaves broader; acorns 2.5 cm long, sweet tasting.
Contents
1 Ecology
2 Cultivation and uses
3 References
4 Line notes
5 Gallery
//
Ecology
Holm Oak grows in pure stands or mixed forest in relatively arid climates and often at low or moderate elevations. One of the plant associations in which Holm Oak is found is the Holm Oak/Atlas Cedar forests of the Atlas Mountains. In Morocco some of these mixed forests are habitat to the endangered primate, Barbary Macaque, Macaca sylvanus.
Holm oak is damaging biodiversity in the United Kingdom, and is listed as an alien invader. Normally the tree is unable to withstand frost, which would normally prevent it from spreading north, but with climate change, it has successfully penetrated these areas.
Cultivation and uses
Mature acorns
The wood is hard and tough, used since ancient times for general construction purposes as pillars, tools, wagons, vessels, and wine casks. Used as well as firewood, or in charcoal manufacture.
The Holm Oak is one of the top three trees used in the establishment of truffle orchards, or truffieres. Truffles grow in an ectomycorrhizal association with the tree's roots.
The acorns, like those of the Cork Oak, are edible (toasted or as a flour), and are an important food for free-range pigs reared for serrano ham production. Boiled in water, the acorns can also be used as a medicinal treatment for injury dis-infections.
It can be clipped to form a tall hedge, and it is suitable for coastal windbreaks, in any well drained soil. It forms a picturesque rounded head, with pendulous low-hanging branches. Its size and solid evergreen character gives it an imposing architectural presence that makes it valuable in many urban and garden settings. While Holm Oak can be grown in much of maritime northwestern Europe, it is not tolerant of cold continental winters.
References
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Quercus ilex
BBC News (2008) Holm Oak: Garden Invader
Royal Botanic Garden (2008) Flora Europaea: Quercus ilex
W.J. Bean (1976). Trees and shrubs hardy in the British Isles 8th ed., revised. John Murray.
C. Michael Hogan (2008) Barbary Macaque: Macaca sylvanus, Globaltwitcher.com, ed. N. Str?mberg
Holm Oak (2002)
K. Rushforth (1999). Trees of Britain and Europe. HarperCollins ISBN 0-00-220013-9.
(French)Ches: Quercus ilex
Line notes
^ Royal Botanic Gardens, 2008
^ Holm Oak, 2002
^ C. Michael Hogan, 2008)
^ BBC News, 2008
Gallery
Quercus ilex subsp. rotundifolia (Extremadura, Spain)
Juvenile (spiny) leaf of Quercus ilex subsp. rotundifolia (Extremadura, Spain)
Bark of Quercus ilex subsp. rotundifolia (Extremadura,...(and so on) To get More information , you can visit some products about circuit pack boards, Fireplace Mantels Wood, . The Impi products should be show more here!
(Redirected from Holm Oak)
Holm Oak
Holm Oak foliage; note pale undersides
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Plantae
Division:
Magnoliophyta
Class:
Magnoliopsida
Order:
Fagales
Family:
Fagaceae
Genus:
Quercus
Section:
Quercus
Species:
Q. ilex
Binomial name
Quercus ilexL.
The Holm Oak (Quercus ilex), also called Holly Oak or Evergreen Oak, is a large evergreen oak native to the Mediterranean region. It takes its name from holm, an ancient name for holly. In Spanish it is called encina, in Portuguese azinheira and in French che vert or yeuse. It is a member of the white oak section of the genus, with acorns that mature in a single summer.
Leaves and catkins in spring
It is a medium-size tree 2027 m tall with finely square-fissured blackish bark and leathery evergreen leaves. The old leaves fall 12 years after new leaves emerge. The leaves are dark green above and pale whitish-grey with dense short hairs below. The leaf shape is variable, the adult leaves are entire, 48 cm long and 13 cm broad, while those on the lower branches of young trees are often larger (to 10 cm long), and are toothed or somewhat spiny. This is presumed to be for protection from grazing animals. In this, the foliage resembles that of the common European Holly Ilex aquifolium, and this resemblance has led to its common and botanic names. The name ilex is originally the classical Latin name for the Holm Oak, but was later also used as a botanical genus name for the hollies. The flowers are catkins, produced in the spring; the fruit is an acorn, which matures in about six months.
There are two subspecies:
Quercus ilex subsp. ilex. Native in the north and east of the species' range, from northern Iberia and France east to Greece. Leaves narrow; acorns 2 cm long, bitter tasting.
Quercus ilex subsp. rotundifolia (syn. Q. rotundifolia, Q. ballota). Native in the southwest of the species' range, in central and southern Iberia (Spain) and northwest Africa. Leaves broader; acorns 2.5 cm long, sweet tasting.
Contents
1 Ecology
2 Cultivation and uses
3 References
4 Line notes
5 Gallery
//
Ecology
Holm Oak grows in pure stands or mixed forest in relatively arid climates and often at low or moderate elevations. One of the plant associations in which Holm Oak is found is the Holm Oak/Atlas Cedar forests of the Atlas Mountains. In Morocco some of these mixed forests are habitat to the endangered primate, Barbary Macaque, Macaca sylvanus.
Holm oak is damaging biodiversity in the United Kingdom, and is listed as an alien invader. Normally the tree is unable to withstand frost, which would normally prevent it from spreading north, but with climate change, it has successfully penetrated these areas.
Cultivation and uses
Mature acorns
The wood is hard and tough, used since ancient times for general construction purposes as pillars, tools, wagons, vessels, and wine casks. Used as well as firewood, or in charcoal manufacture.
The Holm Oak is one of the top three trees used in the establishment of truffle orchards, or truffieres. Truffles grow in an ectomycorrhizal association with the tree's roots.
The acorns, like those of the Cork Oak, are edible (toasted or as a flour), and are an important food for free-range pigs reared for serrano ham production. Boiled in water, the acorns can also be used as a medicinal treatment for injury dis-infections.
It can be clipped to form a tall hedge, and it is suitable for coastal windbreaks, in any well drained soil. It forms a picturesque rounded head, with pendulous low-hanging branches. Its size and solid evergreen character gives it an imposing architectural presence that makes it valuable in many urban and garden settings. While Holm Oak can be grown in much of maritime northwestern Europe, it is not tolerant of cold continental winters.
References
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Quercus ilex
BBC News (2008) Holm Oak: Garden Invader
Royal Botanic Garden (2008) Flora Europaea: Quercus ilex
W.J. Bean (1976). Trees and shrubs hardy in the British Isles 8th ed., revised. John Murray.
C. Michael Hogan (2008) Barbary Macaque: Macaca sylvanus, Globaltwitcher.com, ed. N. Str?mberg
Holm Oak (2002)
K. Rushforth (1999). Trees of Britain and Europe. HarperCollins ISBN 0-00-220013-9.
(French)Ches: Quercus ilex
Line notes
^ Royal Botanic Gardens, 2008
^ Holm Oak, 2002
^ C. Michael Hogan, 2008)
^ BBC News, 2008
Gallery
Quercus ilex subsp. rotundifolia (Extremadura, Spain)
Juvenile (spiny) leaf of Quercus ilex subsp. rotundifolia (Extremadura, Spain)
Bark of Quercus ilex subsp. rotundifolia (Extremadura,...(and so on) To get More information , you can visit some products about circuit pack boards, Fireplace Mantels Wood, . The Impi products should be show more here!
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